Перейти к содержанию

Ашаблон:Cite journal/doc

Аматериал Авикипедиа аҟынтә - зхы иақәиҭу аенциклопедиа
Citation Style 1 ашаблонқәа
{{Cite arXiv}}arXiv preprints
{{Cite AV media}}audio and visual media
{{Cite AV media notes}}AV media liner notes
{{Cite bioRxiv}}bioRxiv preprints
{{Cite book}}books and chapters
{{Cite CiteSeerX}}CiteSeerX papers
{{Cite conference}}conference papers
{{Cite encyclopedia}}edited collections
{{Cite episode}}radio or TV episodes
{{Cite interview}}interviews
{{Cite journal}}academic journals
{{Cite magazine}}magazines, periodicals
{{Cite mailing list}}public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}maps
{{Cite news}}news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}podcasts
{{Cite press release}}press releases
{{Cite report}}reports
{{Cite serial}}audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}speeches
{{Cite ssrn}}SSRN papers
{{Cite techreport}}technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}theses
{{Cite web}}web sources not covered by the above
See alsoАцитатақәа

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create Авикипедиа:Азхьарԥшқәа рцитатаагара for academic and scientific papers published in bona fide journals. For articles in magazines and newsletters, use {{cite magazine}}. For academic and scientific papers not published in bona fide journals, please use one of the templates listed on this page in the "Citation Style 1 templates" box. If you have a digital object identifier (DOI) for the journal reference you wish to add, Wikipedia has a citation bot that will read that DOI and expand it into a full reference with the author's name, journal name, date, volume, issue, pages, etc. You can view instructions on how to add this gadget to your Wikipedia preferences at User:Citation bot/use.

Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as |isbn= have upper-case aliases like |ISBN=, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then purge the page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format
To cite a professional or scientific journal
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}}
Vancouver system author style for a scientific journal
{{cite journal |vauthors= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date=}}
or
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= |name-list-style=vanc}}
To cite a journal article with no credited author
{{cite journal |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}}
To cite an online article that has been archived
{{cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date=}}
To cite an article written in a foreign language
{{cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}}
To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |format= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |via= |url-access= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote=}}

Full parameter set in horizontal format
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask= |name-list-style= |date= |year= |orig-date= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editor3-last= |editor3-first= |editor3-link= |editor4-last= |editor4-first= |editor4-link= |editor5-last= |editor5-first= |editor5-link= |display-editors= |others= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |url= |format= |department= |journal= |type= |series= |language= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-place= |publication-date= |volume= |issue= |article-number= |page= |pages= |at= |no-pp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi= |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |via= |url-access= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote= |postscript= |ref=}}


Most commonly used parameters in vertical format

To cite a professional or scientific journal

Ашаблон:Tj

Vancouver system author style for a scientific journal

Ашаблон:Tj

or

Ашаблон:Tj

To cite a journal article with no credited author

{{cite journal
	| author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
	| date = 
	| title = 
	| url = 
	| journal = 
	| volume = 
	| issue = 
	| pages = 
	| doi = 
	| access-date = 
}}

To cite an online article that has been archived

Ашаблон:Tj

To cite a journal article written in a foreign language

Ашаблон:Tj

To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription

Ашаблон:Tj


Full parameter set in vertical format
Vertical list Prerequisites Brief instructions / notes
{{cite journal
| last1                 = 
| first1                = 
| author-link1          = 
| last2                 = 
| first2                = 
| author-link2          = 
| last3                 = 
| first3                = 
| author-link3          = 
| last4                 = 
| first4                = 
| author-link4          = 
| last5                 = 
| first5                = 
| author-link5          = 
| display-authors       = 
| author-mask           = 
| name-list-style       = 
| date                  = 
| year                  = 
| orig-date             = 
| editor1-last          = 
| editor1-first         = 
| editor1-link          = 
| editor2-last          = 
| editor2-first         = 
| editor2-link          = 
| editor3-last          = 
| editor3-first         = 
| editor3-link          = 
| editor4-last          = 
| editor4-first         = 
| editor4-link          = 
| editor5-last          = 
| editor5-first         = 
| editor5-link          = 
| display-editors       = 
| others                = 
| title                 = 
| script-title          = 
| trans-title           = 
| url                   = 
| format                = 
| department            = 
| journal               = 
| type                  = 
| series                = 
| language              = 
| edition               = 
| location              = 
| publisher             = 
| publication-place     = 
| publication-date      = 
| volume                = 
| issue                 = 
| article-number        = 
| page                  = 
| pages                 = 
| at                    = 
| no-pp                 = 
| arxiv                 = 
| asin                  = 
| bibcode               = 
| biorxiv               = 
| citeseerx             = 
| doi                   = 
| doi-broken-date       = 
| doi-access            = 
| isbn                  = 
| issn                  = 
| jfm                   = 
| jstor                 = 
| jstor-access          = 
| lccn                  = 
| mr                    = 
| oclc                  = 
| ol                    = 
| ol-access             = 
| osti                  = 
| osti-access           = 
| pmc                   = 
| pmid                  = 
| rfc                   = 
| ssrn                  = 
| zbl                   = 
| id                    = 
| via                   = 
| quote                 = 
| postscript            = 
| ref                   = 
| url-access            = 
| access-date           = 
| url-status            = 
| archive-url           = 
| archive-date          = 
}}
 
 
 
 last1
 last1
 
 last2
 last2
 
 last3
 last3
 
 last4
 last4
 
 last5
 last5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 editor1-last
 editor1-last
 
 editor2-last
 editor2-last
 
 editor3-last
 editor3-last
 
 editor4-last
 editor4-last
 
 editor5-last
 editor5-last
 
 
 
 
 title or script-title
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 doi
 doi
 
 
 
 
 jstor
 
 
 
 
 ol
 
 osti
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 url
 url
 url
 url
 archive-url
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  • If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.
Journal article
  • {{cite journal |last1=Overpeck |first1=J. T. |last2=Webb |first2=T. |last3=Prentice |first3=I. C. |date=January 1985 |title=Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs |journal=Quaternary Research |volume=23 |pages=87–108 |bibcode=1985QuRes..23...87O |doi=10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2}}

Displays as:

  • Overpeck, J. T.; Webb, T.; Prentice, I. C. (January 1985). "Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs". Quaternary Research. 23: 87–108. Bibcode:1985QuRes..23...87O. doi:10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2.
Vancouver style (common in biomedicine); see Ашаблон:Vcite for specific templates
  • {{cite journal |vauthors=Bannen R, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright S, Mitchell J |date=2008 |title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins |url=https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/24/20/2339/260340 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=24 |issue=20 |pages=2339–2343 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450 |pmc=2562006 |pmid=18723523}}

Displays as:

or

  • {{cite journal |last1=Bannen |first1=RM |last2=Suresh |first2=V |last3=Phillips |first3=GN Jr |last4=Wright |first4=SJ |last5=Mitchell |first5=JC |date=2008 |title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins |url=https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/24/20/2339/260340 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=24 |issue=20 |pages=2339–2343 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450 |pmc=2562006 |pmid=18723523 |name-list-style=vanc}}

Displays as:

Include URL link to article, pre-print, or abstract.
  • {{cite journal |last1=Aries |first1=Myriam B. C. |last2=Newsham |first2=Guy R. |name-list-style=amp |date=2008 |title=Effect of daylight saving time on lighting energy use: a literature review |url=http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/obj/irc/doc/pubs/nrcc49212/nrcc49212.pdf |journal=Energy Policy |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=1858–1866 |doi=10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.021 |access-date=October 18, 2013}}

Displays as:

If the linked document is PDF, but the extension is not .pdf or .PDF, you may add the parameter |format=PDF, which displays " (PDF)" after the link.

Specify the DOI to provide a permanent link, and a URL where the article is free. For medical articles also give the PMID and PubMed Central (PMC) ID
the PMC value will link the free full-text repository, will link the title if the URL is not specified, and will show an open padlock informing readers that the article is open-access. |access-date= is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.
  • {{cite journal |last1=Viollet |first1=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |url=https://www.jci.org/articles/view/16567 |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592 |access-date=2012-11-17}}

Displays as:

Whereas if the URL had not been specified, then the title is linked to the PMC link, which is repeated:

  • {{cite journal |last1=Viollet |first1=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592}}

Displays as:

If the doi link is broken, then use of doi-broken-date indicates when the doi-problem was last verified, and will also add the page to "CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of Mmmm YYYY" (tracking category Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive):

  • {{cite journal |last1=Viollet |first1=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |doi-broken-date=2021-07-01 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592}}

Displays as:

If the article is in a foreign language, and the original title is unknown, enclose the translated title in square brackets and use |title=. Otherwise use |title= for the foreign-language title and |trans-title= for the English-language title.
  • {{cite journal |last1=Huang |first1=Y. |last2=Lu |first2=J. |last3=Shen |first3=Y. |last4=Lu |first4=J. |name-list-style=amp |date=March 1999 |title=[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats] |journal=Wei Sheng Yan Jiu |language=Chinese |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=115–116 |pmid=11938998}}

Displays as:

Huang, Y.; Lu, J.; Shen, Y. & Lu, J. (March 1999). "[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats]". Wei Sheng Yan Jiu (Chinese бызшәала). 28 (2): 115–116. PMID 11938998.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
Example using other identifiers
  • {{cite journal |last=Merimovich |first=C. |date=2007 |title=A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere |journal=Journal of Symbolic Logic |volume=72 |issue=2 |pages=361–417 |doi=10.2178/jsl/1185803615 |mr=2320282}}

Displays as:

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

  • parent
  • OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
    • child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
    • OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)
Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).

This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

  • use |date=27 September 2007 not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)

Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example &nbsp;, &ndash;, etc., should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters

[акод аредакциазура]

Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the Usage section near the top of this documentation page.

  • |periodical=, |journal=, |newspaper=, |magazine=, |work=, |website=, |encyclopedia=, |encyclopaedia=, |dictionary=
  • |chapter=, |script-chapter=, |contribution=, |script-contribution=, |entry=, |script-entry=, |article=, |script-article=, |section=, |script-section=
  • |title=, |script-title=, |book-title=
  • |publication-place=, |place=, |location=
  • |date=, |year=, |publication-date=
  • |series=, |version=
  • |volume=, |issue=, |number=
  • |page=, |pages=, |at=, |quote-page=, |quote-pages=
  • |edition=
  • |publisher=, |institution=
  • |url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |section-url=
  • |author-last=, |author-last#=, |author#-last=, |author-surname=, |author-surname#=, |author#-surname=, |last=, |last#=, |surname=, |surname#=, |author=, |author#=, |subject=, |subject#=, |host=, |host#=
  • |author-first=, |author-first#=, |author#-first=, |author-given=, |author-given#=, |author#-given=, |first=, |first#=, |given=, |given#=
  • |degree=
  • |arxiv=, |bibcode=, |biorxiv=, |citeseerx=, |doi=, |eissn=, |eprint=, |hdl=, |isbn=, |issn=, |jfm=, |jstor=, |lccn=, |message-id=, |mr=, |oclc=, |osti=, |pmc=, |pmid=, |rfc=, |ssrn=, |s2cid=, |zbl=
What's new or changed recently
Parameter Description Date
|author-given= added aliases (including enumerated forms) for |author-first= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|author-surname= added aliases (including enumerated forms) for |author-last= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|display-subjects= added alias for |display-authors= for usage with |subject= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|interviewer-given= added aliases (including enumerated forms) for |interviewer-first= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|interviewer-surname= added aliases (including enumerated forms) for |interviewer-last= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|orig-date= added canonical form for alias |orig-year= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|quote-page= added single page specifier for |quote= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|quote-pages= added multiple pages specifier for |quote= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|sbn= added identifier parameter for Standard Book Numbers Мшаԥымза 2020
|script-quote= added non-Latin script text facility for |quote= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|subject-mask= added aliases (including enumerated forms) to |author-mask= for usage with |subject= Жьҭаарамза 2020
|s2cid= added identifier parameter for Semantic Scholar corpus ID Мшаԥымза 2020
|s2cid-access= added access-icon parameter for |s2cid= Мшаԥымза 2020
|title-link= added special tokens none/doi/pmc to override/disable auto-linking ({{cite journal}} only) Жьҭаарамза 2020
|trans-quote= added translated text facility for |quote= Жьҭаарамза 2020
accept-this-as-written-markup added for |doi=, |eissn=, |isbn=, |issn=, |sbn= Жьҭаарамза 2020
  • last: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use last or one of its aliases (e.g. |author=Bono). Aliases: surname, author, last1, surname1, author1.
    • author: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single author (first and last) or to hold the name of a corporate author. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author.
    • first: Given or first names of author; for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Firstname M. Sr. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. Aliases: given, first1, given1. Requires last; first name will not display if last is empty. Use generational and regnal suffixes only in accordance with and use honorifics only in accordance with .
    • OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through lastn, firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each firstn requires a corresponding lastn, but not the other way around). See the display parameters to change how many authors are displayed. Aliases: surname1, given1 through surnamen, givenn, or author1 through authorn. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use |first1=...|last1=...|author2=....
    • author-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: author-link1, author1-link, authorlink.
    • OR: for multiple authors, use author-link1 through author-linkn. Aliases: author1-link through authorn-link.
    • name-list-style: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to amp, ampersand, or &, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to and, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to vancdisplays name lists in Vancouver style when the lists use the last/first forms of name parameters.
  • vauthors: comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses. End with etal if appropriate:
    |vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
    • author-link and author-mask may be used for the individual names in |vauthors= as described above
  • authors: Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of last.
  • translator-last: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-surname, translator1, translator1-last, translator-last1.
    • translator-first: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-given, translator1-first, translator-first1.
    • OR: for multiple translators, use translator-last1, translator-first1 through translator-lastn, translator-firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each translator-firstn requires a corresponding translator-lastn, but not the other way around). Aliases: translator1-last, translator1-first through translatorn-last, translatorn-first, or translator1 through translatorn.
    • translator-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: translator-link1, translator1-link.
    • OR: for multiple translators, use translator-link1 through translator-linkn. Aliases: translator1-link through translatorn-link.
  • collaboration: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
  • others: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write Illustrated by John Smith.
  • Note: When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
  • date: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations.[date 1] Required when year is used to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher. For acceptable date formats, see Ашаблон:Cite journal/doc § Notes.
For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900.

For no date, or "undated", use |date=n.d.
The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a created or updated date; a comment for editors such as date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01 can be added.
Automatic date formatting: Citation Style 1 and 2 templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as |date=, |publication-date=, |access-date=, |archive-date=, etc.) except for |orig-date= in the style specified by the article's {{use dmy dates}} or {{use mdy dates}} template. See those templates' documentation for details.
  • year: Year of source being referenced. The usage of this parameter is discouraged; use the more flexible |date= parameter instead unless both of the following conditions are met:
    1. The |date= format is YYYY-MM-DD.
    2. The citation requires a CITEREF disambiguator.
  • orig-date: Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after the date (or year). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |orig-date=First published 1859 or |orig-date=Composed 1904. As |orig-date= does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by |df= (or, if it exists in the article, by |cs1-dates= of a {{use dmy dates}} or {{use mdy dates}} template), or as used in the |date= parameter. Alias: orig-year
  • df: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these:
    dmy – set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;
    mdy – as above for month day, year format
    ymd – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
    dmy-all – set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;
    mdy-all – as above for month day, year format
    ymd-all – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
  1. Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates. See .
  • editor-last: surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor-last1, editor1-last, editor-surname, editor-surname1, editor1-surname, editor, editor1.
    • editor: This parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor.
    • editor-first: given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor-first1, editor1-first, editor-given, editor-given1, editor1-given.
    • OR: for multiple editors, use editor-last1, editor-first1 through editor-lastn, editor-firstn (Aliases: editorn-last, editor-surnamen or editorn-surname; editorn-first, editor-givenn or editorn-given; editorn). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use |editor-first1=...|editor-last1=... |editor2=....
    • editor-link: title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor-link1.
    • OR: for multiple editors, use editor-link1 through editor-linkn (alias editorn-link).
    • name-list-style: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to amp, ampersand, or &, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to and, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to vancdisplays name lists in Vancouver style when the lists use the last/first forms of name parameters.
  • veditors: comma separated list of editor names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses. End with etal if appropriate:
    |veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
    • editor-linkn and editor-maskn may be used for the individual names in |veditors=, as described above
  • Display:
    Use display-editors to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.
    If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.
    If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."

(See also Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters.)

  • title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes. If script-title is defined, use title to hold a Romanization (if available) of the title in script-title.
    • script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in title (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script:
      ... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
    • trans-title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title. Use of the language parameter is recommended.
Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
newline [ ] |
space &#91; &#93; {{!}} (preferred)
{{bracket|text}} &#124; or {{pipe}}see also Ашаблон:Cite journal/doc § Notes
  • title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink.
Some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when |url= and |title-link= are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for |title-link= to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmc or |title-link=doi) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none).
  • type: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. The reserved keyword none can be used to disable the display of a type. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, Accepted manuscript, CD liner, Press release. Alias: medium.
  • language: The language (or a comma-separated list of the languages) in which the source is written, as either the ISO 639 language code (preferred) or the full language name. Examples: |language=ru; |lang=fr, pt-br; |lang=Russian; |language=French, Portuguese. See the list of supported codes and names. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Акатегориа:CS1 foreign language sources. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, the use of language codes is preferred so that language names render in the correct language and form: espagnol at a French-language wiki instead of the English word "Spanish". Aliases: lang
  • url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by title can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. #ixzz2rBr3aO94 or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=.... For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see WP:PAGELINKS. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon; use |isbn= or |oclc= to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
    • access-date: Full date when the content pointed to by url was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires url; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.[date 1] Not required for linked documents that do not change. For example, access-date is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see WP:CITEWEB. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers or published books. Note that access-date is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See "Automatic date formatting" above for details about interaction with {{use dmy dates}} and {{use mdy dates}}. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors. Alias: accessdate.
    • archive-url: The URL of an archived snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as Internet Archive (see Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine) and archive.today (see Help:Using archive.today); requires archive-date and url. By default (overridden by |url-status=live) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: archiveurl.
      • archive-date: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates.[date 1] Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See "Automatic date formatting" above for details about interaction with {{use dmy dates}} and {{use mdy dates}}. Alias: archivedate.
      • url-status: the |url-status= parameter should only be included if an |archive-url= is set (dead links without an archive URL can be marked with {{dead link}}). If |url-status= is omitted, or is specified with a null value, the default value is |url-status=dead. When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set |url-status=live; this changes the display order, with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.
        If the original URL is 'live' but no longer supports the article text, set |url-status=deviated. When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting |url-status=unfit or |url-status=usurped suppresses display of the original URL (but |url= and |archive-url= are still required).
      • archive-format: File format of the work referred to by archive-url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. See Using |format=
    • url-access: See Access indicators for url-holding parameters
  • format: File format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. (For media format, use type.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. See Using |format=

URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.

If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

Character space " ' < > [ ] { | }
Encoding %20 %22 %27 %3C %3E %5B %5D %7B %7C %7D

Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

  1. 1,0 1,1 Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. See .
  • work (required by {{cite journal}} and {{cite magazine}}): Name of the work containing the source; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays in italics. If the name of the periodical changed over time use the name at the time of the source's publication. If script-work is defined, use work to hold a Romanization (if available) of the title in script-work. Aliases: journal, newspaper, magazine, periodical, website. Use Latin script. For languages written in non-Latin based scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Indic, Japanese, Korean, etc.) use a standard Romanization in this field.
    • script-work: Work title in its original, non-Latin script; not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in work (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script. Leave empty for Latin-based scripts (Czech, French, Turkish, Vietnamese, etc.). Aliases: script-journal, script-newspaper, script-magazine, script-periodical, script-website.
    • trans-work: English translation of the work title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after work or script-work. Aliases: trans-journal, trans-newspaper, trans-magazine, trans-periodical, trans-website.
      ... |work=Zhōngguó piàofáng |script-work=zh:中国票房 |trans-work=China Box Office ...
    • article-number: For journals that provide article numbers for the articles in a journal issue; rendered between volume/issue and page(s).
    • issue: When the publication is one of a series that is published periodically. Alias: number. When the issue has a special title of its own, this may be given, in italics, along with the issue number, e.g. |issue=2, ''Modern Canadian Literature''. Please choose either |issue= or |number= depending on what is used in the actual publication. If a publication carries both issue and number designations (typically one being a year-relative and the other an absolute value), provide them both, for example |issue=2 #143. Displayed in parentheses following volume.
    • department: Title of a regular department, column, or section within the periodical or journal. Examples include "Communication", "Editorial", "Letter to the Editor", and "Review". Displays after title and is in plain text.
When set, work changes the formatting of other parameters in the same citation:
title is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes.
chapter does not display (and will produce an error message).

Edition, series, volume

[акод аредакциазура]
  • edition: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so |edition=2nd produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.
  • series or version: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal, where the issue numbering has restarted.
  • volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37). Volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase Roman numerals, or fewer than five characters will appear in bold. Any alphanumeric value of five or more characters will not appear in bold. In rare cases, publications carry both an ongoing volume and a year-related value; if so, provide them both, for example |volume=IV / #10.
  • publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The publisher is the company, organization or other legal entity that publishes the work being cited. Do not use the publisher parameter for the name of a work (e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). If the name of the publisher changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes The New York Times newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after title.
  • place: For news stories with a dateline, the location where the story was written. If the name of the location changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias: location
  • publication-place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place, for example, The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title. If the name of the publication place changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. If only one of publication-place, place, or location is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title.
  • publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. If date (or year) is also defined and is different, then publication-date displays preceded by "published" and enclosed in parentheses, following publisher. If date (or year) is not defined, publication-date is displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink.
  • via: Name of the content deliverer (if different from publisher). via is not a replacement for publisher, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer (e.g. NewsBank) presents the source in a format different from the original, when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution. See the access level parameters to display access restrictions.
  • page: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Displays preceded by colon (:). If hyphenated, use {{hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |page=3{{hyphen}}12), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert |page=3-12 to |pages=3{{ndash}}12. Alias: p.
  • OR: pages: A range of pages in the source that supports the content or the range of pages of the article as a whole, or both (using the following notation: article-page-range [content-supporting-pages], for example: pp. 4–10 [5, 7]). Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by colon (:).
    Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use double parentheses to tell the template to display the value of |pages= without processing it, and use {{hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)). Alternatively, use |at=, like this: |at=pp. 3-1&ndash;3-15. Alias: pp.
  • OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by |page= or |pages=. Use only one of |page=, |pages=, or |at=.
    Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.
  • For |quote-page= and |quote-pages= used in conjunction with |quote=, see here.
  • id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use an external link template as applicable. For example, |id=NCJ 122967 will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as |id={{NCJ|122967}} to append NCJ 122967 instead.

The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. |rfc=822 or |pmc=345678.

  • arxiv: arXiv identifier; for example: |arxiv=hep-th/9205027 (before April 2007) or |arxiv=0706.0001 (April 2007 – December 2014) or |arxiv=1501.00001 (since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases: eprint.
  • asin: Amazon Standard Identification Number; if first character of asin value is a digit, use isbn. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example |asin=B00005N5PF. Aliases: ASIN.
    • asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: . Aliases: none.
  • bibcode: bibcode; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: 1974AJ.....79..819H. Aliases: none.
  • biorxiv: bioRxiv id, as in the entire DOI (e.g. 10.1101/078733 for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://doi.org/10.1101/078733; 10.1101/2020.07.24.220400 for https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400). Aliases: none.
  • citeseerx: CiteSeerX id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g. 10.1.1.176.341 for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341). Aliases: none.
  • doi: Digital object identifier; for example: 10.1038/news070508-7. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.). Aliases: DOI.
    • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid DOIs using a non-standard format, see below.
    • doi-broken-date: Date a valid DOI was found to be non-working/inactive at https://doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none.
  • eissn: International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example |eissn=1557-2986. Aliases: EISSN.
    • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid eISSNs using a non-standard format, see below.
  • hdl: Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example |hdl=20.1000/100. Aliases: HDL.
  • isbn: International Standard Book Number; for example: 978-0-8126-9593-9. (See Wikipedia:ISBN and Ашаблон:Cite journal/doc § Notes.) Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use sbn. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISBN.
    • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid ISBNs using a non-standard format, see below.
  • ismn: International Standard Music Number; for example: 979-0-9016791-7-7. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISMN.
  • issn: International Standard Serial Number; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example |issn=2049-3630. Aliases: ISSN.
    • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid ISSNs using a non-standard format, see below.
  • jfm: Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik; do not include "JFM" in the value; example |jfm=53.0144.01. Aliases: JFM.
  • jstor: JSTOR reference number; for example: |jstor=3793107. Aliases: JSTOR.
  • lccn: Library of Congress Control Number. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space; example |lccn=79-57364 or |lccn=2004042477 or |lccn=e09001178. Aliases: LCCN.
  • mr: Mathematical Reviews; example |mr=630583. Aliases: MR.
  • oclc: OCLC Number for looking up publications in the WorldCat union catalog; example |oclc=9355469. Aliases: OCLC.
  • ol: Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example |ol=7030731M. Aliases: OL.
  • osti: Office of Scientific and Technical Information; example |osti=4367507. Aliases: OSTI.
  • pmc: PubMed Central; use article number for open repository full-text of a journal article, e.g. |pmc=345678. Do not include "PMC" in the value. See also the pmid parameter, below; these are two different identifiers. Aliases: PMC.
    • pmc-embargo-date: Date that pmc goes live; if this date is in the future, then pmc is not linked until that date. Aliases: none.
  • pmid: PubMed; use unique identifier; example |pmid=17322060 See also the pmc parameter, above; these are two different identifiers. Aliases: PMID.
  • rfc: Request for Comments; example |rfc=3143. Aliases: RFC.
  • sbn: Standard Book Number; example |sbn=356-02201-3. Aliases: SBN.
    • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid SBNs using a non-standard format, see below.
  • ssrn: Social Science Research Network; example |ssrn=1900856. Aliases: SSRN.
  • s2cid: Semantic Scholar corpus ID; example |s2cid=37220927. Aliases: S2CID.
  • zbl: Zentralblatt MATH; example |zbl=0472.53010 For zbMATH search results like JFM 35.0387.02 use |jfm=35.0387.02. Aliases: ZBL.

In very rare cases, valid identifiers (f.e., as actually printed on publications) do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums, which would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (|doi=, |eissn=, |isbn=, |issn=, and |sbn=) support a special accept-this-as-written markup which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as |<param>=((<value>))). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.

For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the access status using the corresponding |<param>-access= parameter.

For {{cite journal}}, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when |url= and |title-link= are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for |title-link= to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmc or |title-link=doi) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none).

It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link identical to a link also produced by an identifier. The |url= parameter (or |title-link=) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a convenience link to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.

Subscription or registration required

[акод аредакциазура]

Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to verifying claims in articles.

Four access levels can be used:

  • access indicator for named identifiers:
    • Freely accessible free: the source is free to read for anyone (from the viewpoint of the provider of the source – could still be blocked by client-side filtering or safeguarding, or distributor-based geoblocking)
  • access indicators for url-holding parameters:
    • Free registration required registration: a free registration with the provider of the source is required to access the source, even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without registration
    • Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required limited: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views, a restriction to certain day or night times, or providing the contents only to certain IP ranges/locales on behalf of the provider of the source) to freely access this source as a whole
    • Paid subscription required subscription: the source as a whole is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source ("paywall"), even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without subscription

As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.

Access indicators for url-holding parameters
[акод аредакциазура]

Online sources linked by |url=, |article-url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |entry-url=, |map-url=, and |section-url= are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these url-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as free.

URL-holding and access-indicator parameters
URL Access Allowed keywords
|url= |url-access= registration Free registration required
limited Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required
subscription Paid subscription required
|article-url= |article-url-access=
|chapter-url= |chapter-url-access=
|contribution-url= |contribution-url-access=
|entry-url= |entry-url-access=
|map-url= |map-url-access=
|section-url= |section-url-access=

For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription:

{{cite web |url=https://example.com/nifty_data.php |url-access=registration |date=2021-04-15 |title=Nifty example data}}

which renders as:

"Nifty example data". 2021-04-15.
Access indicator for named identifiers
[акод аредакциазура]

Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as limited, registration, or subscription.

Named-identifier and access-indicator parameters
Identifier Access Allowed keywords
|bibcode= |bibcode-access= free Freely accessible
|doi= |doi-access=
|hdl= |hdl-access=
|jstor= |jstor-access=
|ol= |ol-access=
|osti= |osti-access=
|s2cid= |s2cid-access=

Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:

  • |arxiv=
  • |biorxiv=
  • |citeseerx=
  • |pmc=
  • |rfc=
  • |ssrn=

For embargoed pmc that will become available in the future, see pmc-embargo-date.

  • quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. If script-quote is defined, use quote to hold a Romanization (if available) of the text in script-quote.
    • script-quote: Original quotation for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in quote (if available). Alias: none. Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script:
      ... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ...
    • trans-quote: English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets. Alias: none.
  • quote-page: The number of a single page quoted in |quote=. Use either |quote-page= or |quote-pages=, but not both. Should be a subset of the page(s) specified in |page=, |pages= or |at=. Displays preceded by p. unless |no-pp=yes. If hyphenated, use {{hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |quote-page=3{{hyphen}}12). Alias: none.
  • OR: quote-pages: A list or range of pages quoted in |quote=. Use either |quote-page= or |quote-pages=, but not both. Should be a subset of the pages specified in |pages= or |at=. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,). Displays preceded by pp. unless |no-pp=yes is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use double parentheses to tell the template to display the value of |quote-pages= without processing it, and use {{hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |quote-pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)). Alias: none.
  • ref: the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set, |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID (the id= attribute in the citation's <cite id="ID"> HTML tag). Setting |ref=ID identifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with {{sfn}} and {{harv}} templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair |ref=harv has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should not be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set |ref=none. Aliases: none. See Ашаблон:Cite journal/doc § Notes.
  • mode: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For |mode=cs1, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (.); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For |mode=cs2, element separator is a comma (,); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). To override default terminal punctuation use postscript.
  • author-mask:
  • contributor-mask:
  • editor-mask:
  • interviewer-mask:
  • subject-mask:
  • translator-mask:
    Replaces the name of the (first) author with em dashes or text. Set <name>-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set <name>-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". The numeric value 0 is a special case to be used in conjunction with <name>-link—in this case, the value of <name>-link will be used as (linked) text. In either case, you must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as shortened footnotes. Do not use in a list generated by {{reflist}}, <references /> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g. |authorn-mask=) to apply the mask to a specific name.
  • display-authors:
  • display-contributors:
  • display-editors:
  • display-interviewers:
  • display-subjects:
  • display-translators:
    Controls the number of author or editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of names, set display-authors and/or display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation (and not affect the display of editors). Likewise, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors (and all authors). |display-authors=0 and |display-editors=0 are special cases suppressing the display of all authors or editors including the et al. By default, all authors and editors are displayed. |display-authors=etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: none.
  • postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none – leaving |postscript= empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text, or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character, will generate a maintenance message. |postscript= is ignored if quote is defined.

Although it may appear redundant to include multiple ids for articles, it is helpful for many editors who only have access to a certain resource. If only one ID is to be included, the DOI should be used, as this is the universal standard preferred by professional publications. Specifying a link as a DOI, PMID, etc. is always preferable to including it as a URL parameter, as it makes it clear that the link is accurate and stable, but not necessarily openly accessible. |access-date= is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.

Здесь приведена документация в формате TemplateData для данного шаблона, которая используется в визуальном редакторе и прочих инструментах.

Документация TemplateData для шаблона: Cite journal

Template:Cite journal uses standard parameter set; TemplateData has errors:

  • |s2cid= is not a valid parameter

This template formats a citation to an article in a magazine or journal, using the provided source information (e.g. journal name, author, title, issue, URL) and various formatting options.

Параметры шаблона

Шаблон использует собственное форматирование параметров.

ПараметрОписаниеТипСтатус
Last namelast author author1 last1

The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Однострочныйпредложенный
First namefirst first1

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Однострочныйпредложенный
Author linkauthor-link author-link1 author1-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 2last2 author2

The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 2first2

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 2author-link2 author2-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 3last3 author3

The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 3first3

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 3author-link3 author3-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 4last4 author4

The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 4first4

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 4author-link4 author4-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 5last5 author5

The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 5first5

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 5author-link5 author5-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 6last6 author6

The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 6first6

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 6author-link6 author6-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 7last7 author7

The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 7first7

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 7author-link7 author7-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 8last8 author8

The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 8first8

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 8author-link8 author8-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 9last9 author9

The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'.

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 9first9

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 9author-link9 author9-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 10last10 author10

The surname of the tenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link10'.

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 10first10

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the tenth author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 10author-link10 author10-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the tenth author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 11last11 author11

The surname of the 11th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link11'.

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 11first11

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 11th author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 11author-link11 author11-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 11th author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 12last12 author12

The surname of the 12th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link12'.

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 12first12

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 12th author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 12author-link12 author12-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 12th author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 13last13 author13

The surname of the 13th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link13'.

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 13first13

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 13th author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 13author-link13 author13-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 13th author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 14last14 author14

The surname of the 14th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link14'.

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 14first14

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 14th author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 14author-link14 author14-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 14th author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Last name 15last15 author15

The surname of the 15th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link15'.

Однострочныйнеобязательный
First name 15first15

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 15th author; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Author link 15author-link15 author15-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 15th author

Имя страницынеобязательный
Display authorsdisplay-authors

number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;

Числонеобязательный
Author maskauthor-mask

Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
Name list stylename-list-style

Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two on the name list to '&' or 'and', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
Vancouver style authorsvauthors

comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Source datedate

Date of the source; do not wikilink. As listed in the publication

Датапредложенный
Year of publicationyear

Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed

Числонеобязательный
Original dateorig-date

Original date of publication; provide specifics

Числонеобязательный
Editor last nameeditor-last editor1-last

The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first nameeditor-first editor1-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor linkeditor-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link'

Имя страницынеобязательный
Editor last name 2editor2-last editor2

The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first name 2editor2-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor link 2editor2-link editor-link2

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor

Имя страницынеобязательный
Editor last name 3editor3-last editor3

The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first name 3editor3-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor link 3editor3-link editor-link3

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor

Имя страницынеобязательный
Editor last name 4editor4-last editor4

The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first name 4editor4-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor link 4editor4-link editor-link4

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor

Имя страницынеобязательный
Editor last name 5editor5-last editor5

The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first name 5editor5-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor link 5editor5-link editor-link5

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor

Имя страницынеобязательный
Editor last name 6editor6-last editor6

The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first name 6editor6-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor link 6editor6-link editor-link6

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor

Имя страницынеобязательный
Editor last name 7editor7-last editor7

The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first name 7editor7-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor link 7editor7-link editor-link7

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor

Имя страницынеобязательный
Editor last name 8editor8-last editor8

The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first name 8editor8-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor link 8editor8-link editor-link8

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor

Имя страницынеобязательный
Editor last name 9editor9-last editor9

The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor first name 9editor9-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Editor link 9editor9-link editor-link9

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor

Имя страницынеобязательный
Othersothers

Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'

Содержимое (контент)необязательный
Titletitle

The title of the article; can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes.

Содержимое (контент)обязательный
Script titlescript-title

For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Translated titletrans-title

An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended

Содержимое (контент)необязательный
URLurl URL

The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the protocol-relative scheme "//..."

Пример
https://www.nytimes.com/...
Однострочныйпредложенный
URL statusurl-status

If set to 'live', the title displays with the URL linked; if set to 'dead', the title displays with the archive URL linked

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Formatformat

Format of the work referred to by 'url' ('url' is required when using 'format'); examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML

Содержимое (контент)необязательный
Departmentdepartment

Department (section) within the periodical

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
Journaljournal

Name of the source journal; may be wikilinked; displays in italics; alias of 'work'

Пример
[[American Journal of Sociology]]
Содержимое (контент)обязательный
Chapterchapter

The chapter heading of the source

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
Typetype

Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case

Содержимое (контент)необязательный
Seriesseries version

Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal; alias of 'version'

Содержимое (контент)необязательный
Languagelanguage

The language in which the source is written, if not English; use a two-letter language code or the full language name. Do not use icons or templates

Содержимое (контент)необязательный
Editionedition

When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Location of publicationlocation

Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
Publisherpublisher

Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked; displays after title

Пример
[[University of Chicago Press]]
Содержимое (контент)необязательный
Place of publicationpublication-place

Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'

Содержимое (контент)необязательный
Publication datepublication-date

Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink

Датанеобязательный
Volumevolume

For one publication published in several volumes, usually a number. Do not prepend with v. or vol.

Пример
3
Однострочныйпредложенный
Issueissue

Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically, usually a number. Do not prepend with no.

Пример
4
Однострочныйпредложенный
Pagepage

Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Pagespages

Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.')

Однострочныйпредложенный
Atat

May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient

Однострочныйнеобязательный
No ppno-pp

Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')

Однострочныйнеобязательный
arXiv identifierarxiv

An identifier for arXiv electronic preprints of scientific papers

Однострочныйнеобязательный
ASINasin

Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters

Однострочныйнеобязательный
ASIN TLDasin-tld

ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Bibcodebibcode

Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters

Однострочныйнеобязательный
biorXivbiorxiv

biorXiv identifier; full doi

Однострочныйнеобязательный
CiteSeerXciteseerx

CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter

Однострочныйнеобязательный
DOIdoi

Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
DOI broken datedoi-broken-date

The date that the DOI was determined to be broken

Датанеобязательный
ISBNisbn

International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible

Однострочныйнеобязательный
ISSNissn

International Standard Serial Number (print); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen

Однострочныйнеобязательный
eISSNeissn

International Standard Serial Number (online); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen

Однострочныйнеобязательный
jfm codejfm

Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code

Однострочныйнеобязательный
JSTORjstor

JSTOR identifier

Однострочныйнеобязательный
LCCNlccn

Library of Congress Control Number

Однострочныйнеобязательный
MRmr

Mathematical Reviews identifier

Однострочныйнеобязательный
OCLCoclc

Online Computer Library Center number

Числонеобязательный
OLol

Open Library identifier

Однострочныйнеобязательный
OSTIosti

Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier

Однострочныйнеобязательный
PMCpmc

PubMed Center article number

Числонеобязательный
PMIDpmid

PubMed Unique Identifier

Однострочныйнеобязательный
RFCrfc

Request for Comments number

Числонеобязательный
Semantic Scholar Corpus IDs2cid S2CID

The corpus ID from the paper's Semantic Scholar page, if available. Displays as a link to the Semantic Scholar page.

Пример
255254796
Неизвестнонеобязательный
SSRNssrn

Social Science Research Network

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Zblzbl

Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier

Однострочныйнеобязательный
idid

A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable

Однострочныйнеобязательный
URL access levelurl-access

Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
Archive URLarchive-url

The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Archive datearchive-date

Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink

Датанеобязательный
URL access dateaccess-date

The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink

Датанеобязательный
Quotequote

Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation

Содержимое (контент)необязательный
Postscriptpostscript

The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'

По умолчанию
.
Однострочныйнеобязательный
Refref

An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set |ref=none.

Однострочныйнеобязательный
Content deliverer (i.e. Database)via

Provider of the article (not the publisher), usually an aggregator of journal articles or a repository

Пример
JSTOR, Project MUSE, Elsevier Science Direct
Строковый (без форматирования)предложенный
Bibcode access levelbibcode-access

If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
DOI access leveldoi-access

If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
HDL access levelhdl-access

If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
JSTOR access leveljstor-access

If the full text is free to read on JSTOR, type 'free'

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
OpenLibrary access levelol-access

If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный
OSTI access levelosti-access

If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'

Строковый (без форматирования)необязательный

Шәахә. иара убас

[акод аредакциазура]

Ашаблон:Wikipedia referencing

This template produces COinS metadata; Шәахә. иара убас Авикипедиа:COinS for background information.